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Date |
Event(s) |
| 1 | 1216 | - 28 Oct 1216—16 Nov 1272: ROYAL: Henry III, Ruler of England.House of Plantagenet, Angevin Line - Son of John, acceded at 9, under regency until 1227.
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| 2 | 1231 | - 1231—1231: RELIGION: Spanish Inquistion.The Inquisition begins as Pope Gregory IX assigns Dominicans responsibility for combating heresy. Torture used (1252). Ferdinand and Isabella establish Spanish Inquisition (1478). Tourquemada, Grand Inquisitor, forces conversion or expulsion of Spanish Jews (1492). Forced conversion of Moors (1499). Inquisition in Portugal (1531). First Protestants burned at the stake in Spain (1543). Spanish Inquisition abolished (1834).
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| 3 | 1249 | - 1249—1249: HISTORY: Rodger Bacon invented his gunpowder formula.
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| 4 | 1250 | - 1250—1250: HISTORY: Gun invented in China..
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| 5 | 1269 | - 1269—1269: HISTORY: Invention of eyeglasses.
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| 6 | 1271 | - 1271—1271: HISTORY: Marco Polo of Venice.Travels to China, in court of Kublai Khan (1275n1292), returns to Genoa (1295) and writes Travels.
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| 7 | 1272 | - 1272—1307: ROYAL: Edward I Longshanks, Ruler of England .House of Plantagenet, Angevin Line - Son of Henry III.
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| 8 | 1280 | - 1280—1280: HISTORY: Mechanical clocks invented..
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| 9 | 1290 | - 1290—1290: HISTORY: Windmills invented..
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| 10 | 1295 | - 1295—1295: HISTORY: Modern glassmaking begins in Italy.
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| 11 | 1307 | - 1307—1327: ROYAL: Edward II, Ruler of England.House of Plantagenet, Angevin Line - Eldest surviving son of Edward I, deposed by Parliament 1327.
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| 12 | 1326 | - 1326—1326: WAR: First mention of a handgun.
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| 13 | 1327 | - 1327—1377: ROYAL: Edward III of Windsor, Ruler of England .House of Plantagenet, Angevin Line - Eldest son of Edward II.
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| 14 | 1328 | - 1328—1328: HISTORY: First sawmill.
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| 15 | 1337 | - 1337—1453: WAR: Hundred Years' War .English and French kings fight for control of France.
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| 16 | 1347 | - 1347—1349: EPEDEMIC: Bubonic Plague.Again in Europe. The Black Death reaches Constantinople, Turkey.
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| 17 | 1366 | - 1366—1366: HISTORY: Scales for weighing invented..
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| 18 | 1377 | - 1377—1399: ROYAL: .Richard II. Ruler of England. House of Plantagenet, Angevin Line - Son of the Black Prince, grandson of Edward III, minor until 1389, deposed 1399 by Parliament.
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| 19 | 1387 | - 1387—1387: LITERATURE: Chaucer's Canterbury Tales..Joan of Arc burned.
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| 20 | 1399 | - 1399—1413: ROYAL: Henry IV, Ruler of England.House of Plantagenet, Lancastrian Line - Son of John of Gaunt, Duke of Lancaster, 4th son of Edward III. Chosen by Parliament as successor to Richard II.
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| 21 | 1400 | - 1400—1400: HISTORY: .First piano called the Spinet invented.
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| 22 | 1411 | - 1411—1411: HISTORY: .Trigger invented.
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| 23 | 1413 | - 1413—1422: ROYAL: Henry V, Ruler of England.House of Plantagenet, Lancastrian Line - Eldest son of Henry IV, victor of Agincourt.
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| 24 | 1420 | - 1420—1420: HISTORY: Oil painting invented..
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| 25 | 1421 | - 1421—1421: HISTORY: In Florence, hoisting gear invented..
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| 26 | 1422 | - 1422—2 Feb 1461: ROYAL: Henry VI, Ruler of England. .House of Plantagenet, Lancastrian Line - 9-month old only son of Henry V, deposed 1461 by Edward IV (Duke of York) after defeat of Lancastrians at Mortimer's Cross on Feb 2, 1461. Died in Tower.
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| 27 | 1431 | - 1431—1431: POLITICAL: Joan of Arc burned.Some Englishmen see Joan of Arc as truly a witch and as an agent of the devil - a common response to adversity in this age. Joan is captured. The English turn her over to ecclesiastic authorities - the Inquisition -- and at the French town of Rouen, then under English rule, Joan is burned at the stake.
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1390 - 1436 (46 years)